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| The white LED using GaN was in practical use from several years ago, but, since sapphire wafer used as substrate has large lattice-mismatch with GaN, various innovative methods are required to obtain excellent GaN layer. |
| ZnO single crystal is a wurtzite-type crystal similar to GaN, having less lattice-mismatch with GaN and it may be usable for a substrate for an excellent substrate for GaN epitaxy. |
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